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Project Number 563
Date of Summary February 6, 2008
Subject Understanding the Effects of Time and Energy on the Effectiveness of Dispersants
Performing Activity SINTEF Materials and Chemistry
Principal Investigator Dr. Per Daling
Contracting Agency Minerals Management Service
Estimated Completion December 31, 2007
Description This international joint research project is designed to gather data to support decision makers in the process of determining whether dispersants should be used in low energy environments. This information will be useful for dispersant decision making in ice cover (an ice field reduces wave motion) or other calm conditions. Questions to be addressed are:
 
bullet Will the dispersant stay with the oil until there is enough energy to disperse the slick?
bullet How much energy is needed to disperse the slick after dispersants are applied?
bullet If energy is provided to facilitate dispersion, will the droplets stay in the water column after mixing or will they resurface?

This project currently has nine partners: ExxonMobil, Total, Statoil, US MMS, OSRL, Alaska Clean Seas, Sakhalin Energy Investment Company (Shell operated), Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, and Texas General Land Office. Participants can contribute funds directly or in-kind work.
Progress Presently we are working on Task 1 of this project, laboratory scale dispersant effectiveness tests performed by SINTEF using IFP testing procedures. In these tests we are evaluating four commercial dispersants by applying them to four different oils (a napthenic oil, an asphaltenic oil, a waxy oil and a paraffinic oil), letting them soak for several hours up to several days, and then running the IFP test to measure dispersion effectiveness. Additional tasks for this project include Tasks 2/3 -- develop a numerical model to predict the energy needed to shear dispersed oil droplets from a slick and energy needed to keep a dispersed oil droplet in the water column; Task 4 -- validate the numerical model using tank tests. The completion of these additional tasks will depend on the willingness of the partners to provide additional funding because Task 1 will completely consume our current budget.

Dispersant testing was completed at SINTEF and CEDRE using the IFP tests. The project Steering Committee approved a change to Task 3 and extended the contact time of the ice tests to 1.5 months.

The Steering Committee has approved the final report. This project is complete.
Reports
AA Effects of Time on the Effectiveness of Dispersants – Final Report, Resby, J.L., Brandvik, P.J., Daling, P.S., Guyomarch, J., Eide, I., SINTEF, Cedre, Statoil, 116 pp., December15, 2007.
 

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