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OCS-Related Incidents -- Offshore Energy and Minerals Management

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Cheryl Anderson

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  Gulf of Mexico Region

Spills > 50 Barrels (2,100 gallons)2008

February 27, 2008 – Kerr-McGee Oil & Gas Corporation

Pollution: 682 bbl Crude Oil/ Condensate: None
Refined Petroleum: None Synthetic Oil Fluids*: None
Chemicals: 682 bbl Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) completion fluids Event: Pollution
MMS Investigation Report: Accident Incident Report Only Activity: Development/Production
Lease: G09191 Operation: Completion
Area: East Breaks Causes: Human Error
Block: 688 Distance to Shore: 135 Miles
Rig: Diamond Ocean Valiant Water Depth: 3,788 Feet

Remarks: During completion activities on the semisubmersible rig Diamond Ocean Valiant, calcium chloride completion fluid was being pumped from the mud pits to the liquid storage leg. Approximately 682 barrels of calcium chloride (CaCl2) were released through the dump valve and discharged into the water due to a valve that was inadvertently left in open position.

NRC Report: 863653


March 19, 2008 – Newfield Exploration Company

Pollution: 131.3 bbl Crude Oil/ Condensate: None
Refined Petroleum: None Synthetic Oil Fluids*: 131.3 bbl           Synthetic Base Fluids in 217 bbl of 60.5% SBM
Chemicals: None Event: Pollution
MMS Investigation Report: Accident Incident Report Only Activity: Exploration
Lease: G018292 Operation: Drilling
Area: Mississippi Canyon Causes: Equipment Failure
Block: 800 Distance to Shore: 50 miles
Rig: Diamond Ocean Quest Water Depth: 3,116 Feet

Remarks: Seas of 18-22 feet caused the riser boost line on the semisubmersible rig Diamond Ocean Quest to break at riser connection below rig. Concurrently, a compensator hose gave way and repairs were being made to that before it was noticed that the boast line had failed. 217 bbls of mud were lost before pump was shut off. The check valve in the riser held and the rig was shut down due to weather, extreme heave. Once weather permitted, drilling was able to resume without repairing the broken riser boost line. The boost line repair was delayed until conditions were safe to do so. Approximately 217 bbl of 60.5% synthetic-based mud (SBM) were lost to the Gulf of Mexico. It is estimated that the lost SBM contained approximately 131.3 barrels of synthetic base fluids.

NRC Report: 865423


March 21, 2008 – Shell Offshore Inc.

Pollution: 70 bbl Crude Oil/ Condensate: None
Refined Petroleum: None Synthetic Oil Fluids*: None
Chemicals: 70 bbl monoethylene glycol Event: Pollution, Injury, & Evacuation
MMS Investigation Report: 2010 Completed       9-May-2008 Activity: Development/Production
Lease:  G15988 Operation:  Production
Area: West Delta Causes:  Equipment Failure
Block: 143 Distance to Shore:  18 Miles
Platform: A-Process Water Depth:  369 Feet

Remarks: On March 21, 2008, at 1105 hours, on Shell Offshore Inc.'s, Right of Way (ROW) OCS-G 15988, West Delta Block 143 A-Process Platform, an employee was injured while investigating a glycol leak. The Injured Person (IP) observed glycol leaking from a 1" line approximately 8' above the deck. The IP used a step ladder to access the area and began removing insulation to expose the leak. At that point, a 1" valve on the leaking glycol line came free exposing the IP to the hot glycol. The IP jumped off of the ladder, in an attempt to escape the hot glycol and suffered a broken ankle and 1st and 2nd degree burns to his upper body. The operator did not isolate or shut-in and bleed down the unit before investigating the leak. The IP was not wearing the proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) when exposing hot surfaces to avoid burns.

As a result of the incident, 70 bbls of monoethylene glycol (MEG) was spilled into the Gulf of Mexico. The Glycol Regeneration Unit (GRU) was shut down and barricaded. The valve was sent to Shell's Westhollow Research Center for analysis. Initial findings suggest corrosion due to high pH from caustics introduced into the system.

The primary causes of this incident were external corrosion on MEG system and internal corrosion on galvanized nipple, and failure to shut-in and bleed down equipment. A contributing cause may have been due to the nipple that failed was galvanized steel not carbon. High amounts of caustic probably contributed to the corrosion of the nipple. Galvanized steel is more prone to corrosion.

Accident Investigation Report: Form 2010 21-March-2008 WD143

NRC Report: 865697


June 6, 2008 – Murphy Exploration & Production

Pollution: 180 bbl Crude Oil/ Condensate: None
Refined Petroleum: None Synthetic Oil Fluids*: None
Chemicals: 180 bbl zinc bromide Event: Pollution
MMS Investigation Report: None Activity: Development/Production
Lease:  G21790 Operation:  Production
Area: Green Canyon Causes:  Human Error
Block: 338 Distance to Shore:  103 Miles
Platform: A-Front Runner Spar Water Depth:  3,330 Feet

Remarks: Dump valve was left open on storage tank allowing 180 bbl of zinc bromide to spill into the Gulf of Mexico.

Accident Investigation Report: Form 2010 21-March-2008 WD143

NRC Report: 873341


January to June, 2008 – BP Exploration & Production, Inc.

Pollution: 50.6 bbl Crude Oil/ Condensate: 50.6 bbl Crude Oil
Refined Petroleum: None Synthetic Oil Fluids*: None
Chemicals: None Event: Pollution
MMS Investigation Report: Completed         9-Nov-2006 Activity: Decommissioning/Salvage
Lease:   01333 Operation:  Submerged Platform
Area: Grand Isle Causes:  Hurricane Katrina
Block: 47 Distance to Shore:  18 Miles
Platform: C Water Depth:  88 Feet

Remarks: The Grand Isle 47C 8-pile fixed platform is one of the seven BP operated platforms downed in Federal waters by Hurricane Katrina. As part of BP's initial hurricane response, over-flights were conducted as early as September 6, 2005. In addition, an ROV vehicle was mobilized for inspection of all of BP's downed platforms on October 20, 2005. Platform will be dismantled by the end of 2007, and well(s) will be abandoned by the end of 2008. A response vessel and crew was assigned 24/7 to the Grand Isle 40-47field which has remained in action since January 2006.

195 bbl of hydrocarbons from the platform topsides were assumed to have been lost during Hurricane Katrina (some of which may have actually been recovered). It is assumed all topside losses were crude oil (some may have been refined products). An additional 18.6 bbl in intermittent releases were reported September through December 2005. This 213.6 bbl is reported in the 2005 spill volumes.

Throughout 2006, there was an additional loss of approximately 110.6 bbl of crude oil in relatively small intermittent releases (including releases of less than one barrel which are reported in the 2006 spill volumes. However, only one quarter had seepage of 50 bbl or more so rather than a 110.62 bbl spill in 2006, this is counted as four spills of 7.2, 25.8, 59, and 18.6 bbl for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Quarters respectively.

An additional 21.8 bbl of intermittent seepage was observed in 2007. In the first quarter of 2008, approximately 48.2 bbl seepage was observed by early March.

Beginning May 21, 2006, the frequency and magnitude of the releases increased and BP, in consultation with the USCG and MMS, developed and implemented additional response measures to monitor, contain and recover all hydrocarbon releases. Two response vessels were tasked to monitor, contain, and recover all hydrocarbon releases 24/7 specifically from Gl-47C. In mid-August 2006, over-flights observed two hydrocarbon releases totaling approximately 37.1 bbl (included in the 2006 spill volume). A much larger, fully staffed and trained Incident Management Team (IMT) was activated as a precautionary measure on August 16, 2006 in response to the increasing frequency and magnitude of hydrocarbon releases. This larger IMT is fully integrated with BP's Decommissioning and Downed Platform teams. Staffing for these teams has increased significantly to more than 150 relevant experts. Six vessels were on site, shallow hazard assessment work was performed in support of relief well planning (if needed), and a collection dome was constructed. By December 2006, the collection dome was fully functional and three boats were on location at all times, weather permitting, and the boats are equipped with skimming equipment and absorbent booms. By late 2006 or early 2007, BP had enhanced the instrumentation and installed a boat ramp.

Seepage in 2007 never reached 50 bbl in any calendar quarter.

As of 2008, decommissioning and abandonment operations are being performed by Wild Well Control.

Approximately 50.6 bbl seeped between January 1 and March 31, 2008, some of this was stimulated by activities related to abandoning the wells. An additional 12.2 bbl seeped as of June 15, 2008 (not enough to count as a second spill of 50 bbl or greater).

Seepage was accounted by calendar quarters where any quarter for which seepage accumulated to at least one barrel has been included as a spill.

The initial loss during the hurricane was 195 bbl. Subsequent seepage from October 2005 through June 15, 2008 was 213.7 bbl. This was counted as three spills of 50 bbl or more: 195 bbl during the hurricane, 59 bbl in 3rd Quarter 2006, 50.6 bbl in 1st Quarter 2008.

GI 47 C Oil Losses in Barrels Thru June 15, 2008*
Year Time Period Initial Loss/ Quarterly Seepage barrels Initial Loss/ Annual Seepage barrels
2005 Hurricane Katrina 195.0 213.6
  4th Quarter 18.6  
2006 1st Quarter 7.2 110.6
  2nd Quarter 25.8  
  3rd Quarter 59.0  
  4th Quarter 18.6  
2007 1st Quarter 4.2 21.8
  2nd Quarter 0.3  
  3rd Quarter 14.1  
  4th Quarter 3.3  
2008 1st Quarter 50.6 62.7
  2nd Quarter 12.2  
Total   408.7 408.7

* includes chronic seepage totaling to at least on barrel in a calendar quarter (plus 0.3 bbl seepage from 2nd Quarter 2007)

2005 NRC Report: 776776

2006 NRC Reports: 807652 & 807961 & 819043 & 819044

2007 NRC Reports: 822820 & 841114 & 852587 & 852587

2008 NRC Report: 859213


One barrel (bbl) equals 42 U.S. gallons (gal)

U.S. Coast Guard Spill Size Categories MINOR MEDIUM MAJOR
Less than 238 barrels (Less than 10,000 gallons) 238 to 2,380 barrels (10,000 to 99,999 gallons)

2,381 barrels and more (100,000 gallons and more)

Size Categories are for coastal and offshore waters and are based solely on spill volume.

Synthetic Oil Fluids*: In deepwater drilling, synthetic-based muds (SBM’s) are preferred over petroleum oil-based muds (OBM’s) due to the SBM's superior performance properties. The synthetic oils used in SBM’s are relatively non-toxic to the marine environment and have the potential to biodegrade.

60%**: Indicates that for a synthetic-based mud release, the exact percentage of volume of synthetic base oil to total volume of mud released was not available and 60% was used as a reasonable approximation.

75%***: Indicates that for an oil-based mud release, the exact percentage of volume of base oil to total volume of mud released was not available and 75% was used as a reasonable approximation. Diesel is assumed to be the base oil in OBM unless otherwise specified.


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Last Updated: 07/15/08, 02:02 PM

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