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The data and
methodology used for making the 2007 calculations and determinations
are discussed below. This same information for all years since 1996
is available at the
Economics Division website. Additional
information and notes about understanding this website are included
at the end of this notice.
Methodology for Calculation of the Actual Annual Average NYMEX
Nearby Delivery Price:
-
We use the price
for the nearby delivery month or front month. That is, the price for the first
contract or earliest month that you can get the
delivery/inventory for buying and selling today’s product. For
example, on October 1, 2007, the nearby delivery month was
November 2007. There are prices for other delivery months that
can be bought and sold on October 1, 2007, such as December 2007,
January 2008, etc., but the “nearby delivery month” would
be November 2007. However, the nearby delivery month is not
always the next month because the last trading day of the
month differs for oil
and gas futures. For example, on March 27, 2008, the nearby
delivery month for light sweet crude oil is May 2008 while for
natural gas it is still April 2008.
-
The daily NYMEX
closing price is listed as the settle price at the end of
business trading hours for each commodity. These are listed at
www.nymex.com
and
also summarized at
www.oilnergy.com
.
-
The daily
closing average is used to calculate the monthly average. For
holidays and weekends, we use the previous business day’s
closing average. For example, Table A illustrates the
calculation of the average NYMEX oil price for the month of
November 2007. (Note--this methodology is different from the
Minerals Revenue Management’s Royalty In-Kind Program that
excludes weekends and holidays.) Our analysis indicates that
inclusion or exclusion of weekends and holidays does not bias
the annual average price calculation in either direction. We
chose to include the weekends and holidays, as highlighted in
Table A, to avoid the necessity to keep track of actual trading
days each month all year, and because our source summarizes the monthly price data
with the inclusion.
|
Table A. Example of Monthly Average Price Calculations |
|
Day |
Date |
Daily Closing Price ($/bbl) |
Day |
Date |
Daily Closing Price ($/bbl) |
|
Thursday |
11/1/2007 |
$93.49 |
Friday |
11/16/2007 |
$95.10 |
|
Friday |
11/2/2007 |
$95.93 |
Saturday |
11/17/2007 |
$95.10 |
|
Saturday |
11/3/2007 |
$95.93 |
Sunday |
11/18/2007 |
$95.10 |
|
Sunday |
11/4/2007 |
$95.93 |
Monday |
11/19/2007 |
$94.64 |
|
Monday |
11/5/2007 |
$93.98 |
Tuesday |
11/20/2007 |
$98.03 |
|
Tuesday |
11/6/2007 |
$96.70 |
Wednesday |
11/21/2007 |
$97.29 |
|
Wednesday |
11/7/2007 |
$96.37 |
Thursday (Holiday) |
11/22/2007 |
$97.29 |
|
Thursday |
11/8/2007 |
$95.46 |
Friday |
11/23/2007 |
$98.18 |
|
Friday |
11/9/2007 |
$96.32 |
Saturday |
11/24/2007 |
$98.18 |
|
Saturday |
11/10/2007 |
$96.32 |
Sunday |
11/25/2007 |
$98.18 |
|
Sunday |
11/11/2007 |
$96.32 |
Monday |
11/26/2007 |
$97.70 |
|
Monday |
11/12/2007 |
$94.62 |
Tuesday |
11/27/2007 |
$94.42 |
|
Tuesday |
11/13/2007 |
$91.17 |
Wednesday |
11/28/2007 |
$90.62 |
|
Wednesday |
11/14/2007 |
$94.09 |
Thursday |
11/29/2007 |
$91.01 |
|
Thursday |
11/15/2007 |
$93.43 |
Friday |
11/30/2007 |
$88.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
$95.19 |
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The monthly average is used to calculate the annual average. For
example, Table B illustrates the calculation of the NYMEX oil
price for 2007. The calculation for the year-to-date average
consists of the monthly averages so far in the year. The dollar
amount of the result is rounded to the nearest tenth decimal
point (i.e., cents). We do not weight the average each month by
the number of days in that month, again to avoid adding
superfluous complexity.
|
Table B. Example of Annual Average Price Calculation |
|
Month |
Average Closing Price ($/bbl) |
|
January |
$54.70 |
|
February |
$59.52 |
|
March |
$60.78 |
|
April |
$64.21 |
|
May |
$63.61 |
|
June |
$67.43 |
|
July |
$74.13 |
|
August |
$72.40 |
|
September |
$79.11 |
|
October |
$85.83 |
|
November |
$95.19 |
|
December |
$91.75 |
|
Average |
$72.39 |
Methodology for
Calculation of the Applicable Oil and Natural Gas Price Thresholds:
-
The price
thresholds are estimates until they are locked in for a calendar
year based on the most current inflation data available after
the close of the year. In conjunction with the calculation of
the annual market prices for oil and gas above, once the price
thresholds are locked in, MMS makes an official determination
regarding whether these market prices have exceeded the
applicable price thresholds for the calendar year for a given
vintage of lease and royalty relief program. After this official
MMS determination is made, any subsequent revisions in the
underlying source of the inflation figures will not affect the
locked-in price thresholds or the determination of eligibility
for royalty relief for that calendar year.
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The source for
inflation data is the Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic
Analysis (BEA)
http://www.bea.gov
. U.S. Economic Accounts – GDP.
National Income and Products Account (NIPA) Table 1.1.9. The 4th
quarter implicit price deflator is not available from
BEA until late March of the subsequent calendar year.
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The implicit
price deflator for GDP is used to calculate the applicable
annual inflation rate, as illustrated in Table C. The deflator
from the applicable year is divided by the deflator from the
previous year and subtracted by one. For example, the inflation
rate used to set the 2007 price threshold is calculated as
{(119.66/116.57) -1 = 2.7%}
|
Table C. Inflation Rates (Current and Locked-In)
[Derived from BEA Data] |
|
Calendar
Year |
Implicit Price Deflator
for GDP (base=1996) |
Implicit Price Deflator
for GDP (base=2000) |
Current Annual
Inflation Rate |
Locked-in Annual
Inflation Rate
|
|
1994 |
96.01 |
|
|
|
|
1995 |
98.10 |
|
|
|
|
1996 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
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1997 |
101.95 |
|
|
|
|
1998 |
103.20 |
|
|
|
|
1999 |
104.65 |
|
|
|
|
2000 |
107.04 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
2001 |
|
102.40 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
|
2002 |
|
104.19 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
|
2003 |
|
106.40 |
2.1 |
1.7 |
|
2004 |
|
109.46 |
2.9 |
2.1 |
|
2005 |
|
113.00 |
3.2 |
2.8 |
|
2006 |
|
116.57 |
3.2 |
2.9 |
|
2007 |
|
119.66 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
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Because price thresholds are fixed for previous years, the
current inflation rate displayed in Table C above may not
correspond precisely to the rate actually employed to calculate
previous price thresholds. For example, the GDP deflator posted
on the BEA website in March 2008 shows an inflation rate for
2004 of 2.9 percent. However, back in March 2005, when the 2004
price threshold was locked-in, the BEA website showed an
inflation rate of 2.1 percent, resulting in a change for the
deepwater oil price threshold for most leases, as shown in the
first column of the Deepwater Table
on the website, from $32.81/bbl in 2003 to $33.50/bbl in 2004.
Note that the figures that were shown on the BEA website in
March of each year would be consistent with the adjustments made
in the price thresholds from year to year. Rounding explains any
remaining small differences between calculated locked-in
inflation rates and those rates depicted on the MMS website.
Therefore, to replicate the calculation for previous price
thresholds, use the locked-in inflation rate. To replicate the
calculation for the estimated price threshold, prior to March of
the subsequent year, use the current inflation rate.
Additional Information and Notes about the Website:
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Beginning in the second quarter of each year, the MMS will estimate the average market price at which oil or
gas would have to sell during the remainder of the calendar year
for the estimated price threshold to be exceeded for that year.
If that estimated market price is shown in the table as a
zero, the average price at which oil or gas would
have to be sold during the rest of the calendar year as of that
time is guaranteed to exceed the estimated price threshold for
the calendar year.
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The yellow highlight shown for selected actual annual market prices
indicates years in which at least some leases were not eligible
for royalty relief because actual prices exceeded the applicable
price thresholds set for those leases. The coral highlight
indicates years in which no leases were eligible for royalty
relief because actual prices exceeded all applicable price
thresholds. For example, in calendar
year 2007, the actual average price of natural gas of $7.12 (per
million Btu) exceeded the shallow water, deep natural gas price
threshold levels of $4.08 for leases issued in Sale 178 (2001),
and $5.83 for leases issued in all other Gulf of Mexico Sales
held from 2001-2003 that did not exercise the option to switch
terms offered under 30 CFR § 203.48, but did not exceed the
price threshold level of $10.15 for all other leases with relief
under 30 CFR § 203.47.
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Production generated royalty-free under the deep gas program
counts against the remaining royalty suspension volume, with one
exception. That exception involves production from March 1,
2004, through May 2, 2004, from deep wells that qualified for
royalty suspension under 30 CFR §§ 203.40 through 48 (see
Federal Register, Volume 69, Number 84, page 24055).
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Regulations pertaining to price thresholds include 30 CFR §§
203.47, 203.54, 203.78, 260.110, and 260.122.
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Applicable
Price Thresholds and Market Prices for Calendar Year 2007 |
|
Product |
Lease vintage
(Sales held in) |
Annual Average
NYMEX Price ($/bbl or $/mmbtu) |
Adjusted Price
Threshold Level ($/bbl or $/mmbtu) |
Royalty Relief
Suspended |
|
Deepwater oil |
Before 1996; 1996–1997; 2000; 2002–3/2004; 2007 |
$72.39 |
$36.40 |
Yes |
|
Deepwater oil |
2001 |
$72.39 |
$32.64 |
Yes |
|
Deepwater oil |
8/2004–2006 |
$72.39 |
$42.37 |
Yes |
|
Deepwater gas |
Before 1996; 1996–1997; 2000; 2002–3/2004; 2007 |
$7.12 |
$4.55 |
Yes |
|
Deepwater gas |
2001 |
$7.12 |
$4.08 |
Yes |
|
Deepwater gas |
8/2004–2006 |
$7.12 |
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